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  2D/3D Depth Imaging  

  • Software

      Geo-X uses the most current version of Paradigm GeoDepth software for PSDM processing. GeoDepth offers fast data access and easy 3D visualization of prestack/poststack seismic data and interpretation data for 2D/3D survey, in addition to well data.

  • Velocity Model Building
    • Constrained Velocity Inversion (CVI) PSTM velocity inversion. Robust algorithm to perform quick and accurate RMS to Interval and Time to Depth conversions.
    • Near surface velocity modeling using Refraction solution
    • Geostatistical velocity modeling using Vp, Vs, Epsilon, Delta from borehole information
    • Full Anisotropic velocity model descriptions with interactive parameter determination
  • Velocity Model Update
    • High Resolution Automatic residual moveout using FastVel. Capable of handling 2nd, 4th order and HTI moveouts. Simultaneous Vz and Epsilon Estimation
    • Layer or Horizon based Automatic RMO using Velocity Navigator. Capable of handling layer based updates
    • Layer or Horizon based Manual RMO for Complex areas. Used in low S/N areas with low coherency of the reflectors. Allows updating of velocity field directly or through Tomography
  • Tomography

      3D Grid Based Tomography.

    • Updates velocity volumes (Vpz) as well as Epsilon and Delta simultaneously on a Regular Grid
    • Update can be constrained to honor the structure (solid model)
    • VSP first arrival data can be incorporated into velocity field
    • 3D Layer Based Tomography

    • Updates velocity volumes (Vpz) as well as Epsilon and Delta simultaneously along the depth model horizons
    • Allows enforced geologically constrained solutions due to irregular inversion grid which follows geological layers
    • Simultaneously updates both the velocity field along the geological layers and the location of the subsurface horizons
    • 3D Well Tie Tomography

    • Updates velocity volumes (Vpz) as well as Epsilon and Delta simultaneously based on well or interpretation mistie maps
    • Fully utilizes well information in order to achieve faster convergence
    • Velocity and Anisotropic parameter updates can follow geological structure
  • Multidisciplinary Approach and Data Integration
    • Geostatistical velocity modeling to fully utilize well information
    • VSP Integration to velocity model and depth imaging workflow
    • On the fly well tie analysis and velocity attributes update for complex imaging
  • Migration
    • Full TTI Kirchhoff Depth Migration
    • Full TTI Common Reflection Angle Migration (CRAM) – Advanced Beam Migration
    • Full TTI Wave Equation Migration (WEM)